Is the primary glomerular disease or glomerular lesions confined mainly to the glomerular damaging a group of kidney disease. Primary glomerular diseases are idiopathic (that is, cause unknown), a small number of bacterial infections or induced by drugs. Primary glomerular diseases can be classified in two ways, that is, clinical and pathological types.
Reference to the 1992 primary glomerular disease clinical classification standards can be divided into:
(1) acute onset of acute glomerulonephritis as to hematuria, proteinuria, edema and hypertension as the main performance, and a transient azotemia a group of diseases. Streptococcus infection found in other bacteria, viruses and parasites can also cause infection.
(2) rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and the clinical course of the performance of similar onset of acute glomerulonephritis, but turn bad Renal rapid, early oliguria of acute renal failure is characterized as a large number of pathological crescentic The formation of a group of diseases.
(3) chronic glomerulonephritis for the protracted illness, the slow pace of changes will eventually develop into chronic renal failure of a group of glomerular disease. Clinical to edema, high blood pressure, proteinuria, hematuria and renal damage to the basic performance, but because of the type of disease pathology and disease period, the performance of their major differences can be, was to diversify.
(4) nephrotic syndrome mainly of the "three high and one low", that is a high degree of edema, a large number of proteinuria (≥ 3.5 g / day), hyperlipidemia and hypoproteinemia (plasma albumin ≤ 30 g / l ). As long as a large number of proteinuria and hypoproteinemia diagnosis can be set up.
(5) occult renal disease is asymptomatic proteinuria (protein in urine volume of <1 g / day, mainly to albumin), and (or) simple hematuria (continuous or intermittent microscopic hematuria, and occasionally the naked eye Hematuria, the nature of endogenous glomerular) for the clinical manifestations of a group of glomerular disease. Patients without edema, hypertension and renal dysfunction.
According to the 1982 World Health Organization on primary pathology Glomerular disease of the ladder, can be divided into:
① minor glomerular lesions;
② focal segmental lesions;
③ diffuse glomerulonephritis: membranous nephropathy, proliferative glomerulonephritis (the latter can be divided into: MsPGN, capillary glomerulonephritis, capillary mesangial glomerulonephritis, dense Nephritis and sediment crescentic glomerulonephritis) and sclerosing glomerulonephritis.
④ unclassified glomerulonephritis.
Some glomerular diseases can, in accordance with its immunofluorescence and (or) immunohistochemistry test results to make the immune pathology, such as kidney disease IgA nephropathy and IgM.
