Currently GRP exact pathogenesis is not yet clear. Related hematologic abnormalities in the pathogenesis of detail remains to be elucidated. Hyperglycemia is known to cause a variety of biochemical and physiological changes have been caused by capillary endothelial cell damage. Pathological changes include retinal capillary pericytes reduced basement membrane thickening, capillary lumen decreases capillary endothelial barrier (blood retina barrier) decompensation.
Diabetic retinopathy is due to diabetes, in addition to systemic symptoms of polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria and urine, is characterized by elevated blood sugar, there will also appear bright red eyes retinal capillary hemangioma, flame-like bleeding, the late gray bleeding, bright red neovascularization, vitreous prone to red blood retinal changes the main feature for the diagnosis and prognosis meaningful. Age greater the longer the duration, the higher the incidence of fundus. Young greater than the risk of elderly patients, the prognosis is often poor. If diabetes can be controlled in time, not only the occurrence of fewer opportunities, while also less retinal damage, retinopathy otherwise gradually increased, the occurrence of repeated bleeding, leading to the proliferation of retinal changes and even retinal detachment, or complicated cataract.
Central vision loss, a central scotoma, visual distortion, no vitreous inflammatory changes in the fundus macular yellow gray exudative lesions and bleeding, round or oval, ill-defined, slightly elevated, a size of about 1 / 4 to 3/2 disc diameter (PD), the following is more common in 1PD, at the edge of the lesion has an arcuate or circular bleeding, sometimes was radial arrangement of spotting, the outer periphery of the lesion with a pigment disorders, lesions mostly fovea as the center and radius of the range 1PD, the end of the course, the formation of a yellowish white macular scar.
Since retinopathy more diabetic complications, and therefore should be the main control diabetes and blood pressure, diabetes control and complications examination confirmed the strength of the insulin therapy can delay the IDDM patients with diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy onset and slow down its progress. visual symptoms are blurred vision, sudden loss of vision one or both eyes, black spots or flashing lights who appeared in perspective, all should be ready to see an ophthalmologist consultation.
