Why cirrhotic patients vomiting blood?

Cirrhosis, because of portal hypertension, often formed several traffic branch, the main four : (1) under the stomach and esophagus of the traffic branch. (2) distal rectum and anal canal traffic branch. (3) Abdominal traffic branch. (4), retroperitoneal traffic branch. ?? Over four traffic sticks to the lower esophageal and gastric fundus of the traffic branch in clinical most important. Under normal circumstances, these are very small traffic branch, the blood flow has not. When the doors venous obstruction, increased venous pressure, because without portal vein valve itself, portal blood flow above four reversible traffic branch, so traffic branch expansion. Under the stomach and esophagus because of the venous pressure is a relatively large venous engorgement first happens. Lack of venous engorgement in parts of the esophageal or gastric mucosa thinner, and vulnerable to damage caused rupture hemorrhage. If food mechanical injury and gastric reflux chemical injury, as well as coughing, vomiting, constipation, abdominal pressure, can be so sudden portal pressure caused by venous engorgement of the bleeding, acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding, manifested as bleeding or blood in the stool. About 2 / 3 of patients with cirrhosis at least a lifelong gastrointestinal bleeding. Bleeding and / or hematochezia, cirrhosis is a common clinical manifestations. Cirrhosis of the upper gastrointestinal bleeding main reasons : 1. Esophageal Variceal Bleeding : for the first bleeding, 60% ~ 75%; Clinical manifestations of bleeding and / or blood in the stool, a large amount of bleeding, can be accompanied by varying degrees of hemorrhagic shock, a dangerous condition. It is noteworthy that these sites can hemorrhage while in other parts of the merger hemorrhage, endoscopy is the only reliable diagnostic methods. 2. Peptic ulcer bleeding : 15% ~ 30%; The clinical manifestations of the black will and / or blood will rarely lose bloody shock. 3. Portal hypertension gastropathy hemorrhage : 10% ~ 20%; Less bleeding, clinical and peptic ulcer bleeding is difficult to identify. Other : cirrhotic patients with reflux esophagitis can cause bleeding, a very small number of patients with esophageal cancer can be combined, such as bleeding gastric cancer.