The clinical manifestations of acute leukemia

Acute leukemia onset generally more urgent, but there are also those slow onset. Rapid onset of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, (ALL) than acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (acute), with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia rare early performance; slow onset mainly seen radical. Various types of acute leukemia often common clinical manifestations. Because normal blood cells decrease, resulting in anemia, bleeding, secondary infection and fever; leukemia cells by extensive infiltration of the organizations organ, leading to liver, spleen and lymph swelling other organ dysfunction. (1) anemia:
The anemia in patients with acute leukemia symptoms appeared early and often serious, a sexual development, confirmed about 60 percent more than those with hemoglobin below 60 g / L, respectively. The mechanism and anemia related to the following factors: 1) erythropoietin decrease: leukemia cells can inhibit the normal stem cells and erythroid progenitor cells, erythroid and damage induced by micro-environment, resulting in reduced erythropoietin; 2) invalidity of erythropoietin: DiGuglielmo syndrome and certain urgency leukemia Visibility David RBC hyperplasia, and its mechanism of anemia occurred invalidity of erythropoietin; 3) hemolytic: acute leukemia may exist some hidden hemolysis, DiGuglielmo syndrome RBC shortened life expectancy, as hematopoietic compensatory reduced capacity will happen hemolytic anemia; 4) loss of blood; 5) chemotherapy-induced anemia including anti-drug metabolism of a drug giant David red blood cell anemia.
In short, acute leukemia occurred anemia due integrated, but the main reason is to reduce erythropoietin. (2) Bleeding:
In early bleeding for the performance of those adult acute leukemia 38.6 percent. The death of acute leukemia, 62.24% died of hemorrhage, of which 87% for intracranial hemorrhage. Thrombocytopenia is bleeding acute leukemia of the most important reasons.
(3) infection and fever:
Adult acute leukemia early performance with fever as those of 52 percent, fever accompanied infection. To see most of them stomatitis, pharyngeal Gap gingival inflammation or inflammation can occur when serious ulcer, and even necrosis. Perianal inflammation or perianal abscess and pulmonary infections are very common, serious infection often leads to septicemia and bacteremia.
(4) lymph nodes and hepatosplenomegaly:
Lymphadenopathy to ALL the highest incidence, diagnosis, ranging from 80%, especially seen at T cells, B cells and pre-B-cell ALL, often significantly enlarged lymph nodes.
(5) bone and articular manifestations:
Bone pain common to ALL, when newly diagnosed with bone, joint symptoms ALL 11 percent, radical accounted for 2 percent. Chronic myeloid leukemia radical change significant bone pain, was keen to be a locomotive persistent flu. Tenderness lower sternum also very common. With bone marrow necrosis are not uncommon, prone to occur in children ALL. The onset symptoms of swollen joints are more common in children.
(6) eye performance:
Performance often eye leukemia or bleeding caused by the infiltration, infiltration of leukemic cells can be directly optic nerve, choroid, and retinal vascular supply to the eye, caused corresponding symptoms, bleeding common than invasion. Green or tablets cell sarcoma tumor good site for the eyes can cause exophthalmos.
(7) oral performance:
Oral manifestations of acute leukemia may be infiltrating, infection and hemorrhage caused. Leukemia cell infiltration giant tongue or can cause gingival hyperplasia. Mucosa ulceration and bleeding is common.
(8) pulmonary manifestations:
Pulmonary manifestations of acute leukemia can be infected, leukocyte infiltration and caused such stasis.
(9) cardiac performance:
The cardiac and pericardial infiltration common, more common in ALL, mainly myocardial infiltration, sometimes pericarditis can be no infiltration were bleeding. Myocarditis can be expressed as, cardiac rhythm disorders, heart failure, occasionally pericarditis performance.
(10) Gastrointestinal performance:
Leukemia itself can lead to intestinal bleeding, diarrhea, and intestinal obstruction, such as mucositis. Abdominal pain can leukemia infiltration, inflammation, obstruction and coated swelling caused liver and spleen.
(11) genitourinary system performance: About 2 percent of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in newly diagnosed cases of leukemia have testis. Involvement testis showed diffuse swelling, soft, invasion of often bilateral. Leukemia kidney infiltration rate of 52 percent.
(12) Skin manifestations:
Leukemia performance of the skin at specific and non-specific lesions two categories. Specific lesions by the leukemia cells caused by the invasion, from non-specific lesions and skin infections caused by bleeding.
(13) the nervous system performance: About 2 percent of acute leukemia when meningeal newly diagnosed leukemia, a failure to deal with the prevention of central nervous system leukemia, 70% of ALL, 20% to 40% of children and 5 percent of adult acute leukemia can occur meningeal leukemia.
(14) endocrine system performance: Leukemic cells often invasive thyroid, but the cause goiter and functional changes are rare. Leukemia may be involved after the hypothalamus and pituitary leaf and lead to diabetes insipidus.
(15) metabolic disorder performance: The most common metabolic disorder is hyperuricemia. In severe cases, there may be, oliguria, flow interruption, proteinuria and even acute renal failure.